The important position, production status and development level of aluminum alloy forging press production in the national economy are comprehensively and systematically introduced, the market demand and application prospect of forgings are analyzed, and it is suggested that it is very necessary to build several large and medium-sized aluminum alloy forging production lines in China, which is of great practical and long-term significance to the rapid and sustainable development of the national economy and the modernization of national defense and military industry.

The important position of forging production in the national economy

Forging production is one of the main ways to provide blank of mechanical parts to various industries. The advantage of forging production lies in that it not only obtains the shape of mechanical parts, but also improves the internal structure of materials and mechanical properties. Generally speaking, for important mechanical parts with high stress and high mechanical properties, most of them are manufactured by forging method.

The weight of forged parts on airplanes accounts for 70%, that of forged parts on tanks accounts for 60%, and that of forged parts on automobiles accounts for 50%. In the power industry, the main shaft of water turbine, turbine impeller, rotor and retaining ring are all forged. As can be seen from these examples, forging production occupies a very important position in the industrial industry.

Aluminum alloy has been widely used in various industrial sectors due to a series of advantages such as small specific gravity, high specific strength and high specific stiffness, and aluminum alloy forgings have become an essential material for mechanical parts in various industrial sectors. All kinds of forgings that can be forged with low carbon steel can be forged with aluminum alloy. Aluminum alloy can be forged on various forging equipment such as forging hammer, mechanical press, hydraulic press, upsetting machine and reaming machine, and can be forged freely, die forged, roll forged, upset forged, roll forged and reamed.

Generally speaking, aluminum forgings with small size, simple shape and lax deviation requirements can be easily forged on a hammer, but for aluminum forgings with large specifications and severe deformation, it is advisable to use a water (liquid) press for forging. For large and complex aluminum forgings with integral structure, it is necessary to use large die forging hydraulic press to produce them. For large precision ring parts, it is appropriate to use precision ring rolling machine for rolling and forging. Especially in recent ten years, with the progress of science and technology and the development of national economy, higher and higher requirements are put forward for materials, which forces aluminum alloy forgings to develop in the direction of large-scale, high-strength, high-toughness, complex and precise, and greatly promotes the development of large and medium-sized hydraulic presses and ring forging machines.

With the development of China's transportation industry in the direction of modernization and high speed, the demand for lightweight transportation tools is increasingly strong, and the call for replacing steel with aluminum is growing louder and louder, especially for important stress-bearing components and structural parts such as airplanes, spacecraft, railway vehicles, subways, high-speed trains, freight cars, automobiles, ships, artillery, tanks and mechanical equipment. In recent years, aluminum and aluminum alloy forgings and die forgings have been widely used to replace the original steel structures. Hubs, bumpers and base girders of automobiles (especially heavy-duty automobiles and large and medium-sized buses); Tank's load wheel; Battery frame; Moving ring and fixed ring of helicopter; Cylinder and piston skirt of the train; Woodworking machine body; The frames, tracks and spools of textile machinery have all been made of aluminum alloy die forgings. Moreover, these trends are increasing greatly, and even some aluminum alloy castings have begun to use aluminum alloy die forgings instead.

At present, there are few large-scale forging hydraulic presses in the world, especially in China. With the modernization of national defense industry and the development of civil industry, especially transportation industry, the variety and output of aluminum alloy die forgings can not meet the needs of the domestic market, but there is also a big gap in the international market. Therefore, it is necessary and timely for China to build several large and medium-sized aluminum alloy forging production lines, which is of great practical and long-term significance to the rapid development of national economy and the modernization of national defense and military industry.

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