Function and dosage analysis of each component element of alloy aluminum plate

It is known that an alloy aluminum plate is made of Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy, which is mainly composed of Mg, Cu, Si, Fe, Mn, Li and other alloy elements. The function and dosage of each component element are analyzed as follows:

The alloying elements Si and Mg are the main alloying elements of Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy, which can form β-phase Mg-Si compound Mg2Si, so as to precipitate through heat treatment and strengthen the alloy. At the same time, after Si and Mg form MgaSi, the remaining Si is dissolved in the matrix and then precipitated again, which can further strengthen the aluminum alloy. In order to achieve the above functions, If the Si content is too small, it will not precipitate enough β phase, and at the same time, it will reduce the hardening performance and ductility of the subsequent baking, and an appropriate amount of Si can increase the fluidity of the alloy melt, and then improve the casting performance of the alloy melt. However, the content of Si should not be too high, otherwise the grain boundary segregation and grain precipitation will be coarsened, which will further worsen the ductility and formability of the alloy aluminum plate. At the same time, excessive Si content will make it difficult to achieve the uniformity of melt alloy distribution.

The alloying element Mg mainly forms a strengthening phase with Si, and the content of Mg should not be too low in order to obtain enough strengthening phase. However, if the content of Mg is too high, the additional strengthening effect formed by redundant Si will not be obtained, and at the same time, too high Mg content will easily cause the segregation of alloy melt, which will affect the casting effect and product performance.

The alloying element Cu can coordinate with Si to form a compound, thus avoiding embrittlement caused by grain boundary segregation of Si, further improving the strength and baking hardening performance of the alloy, and also improving the corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of the alloy; However, the content of Cu should not be too high, otherwise it will lead to deterioration of corrosion resistance.

Alloy element Fe can play the role of solid solution strengthening, and at the same time, Fe can play the role of grain refinement, thus improving the mechanical properties of the alloy, and the increase in the number of grains caused by grain refinement can restrict the problems of grain boundary embrittlement caused by the segregation of excess Si at grain boundaries. In order to play the above role, the content of Fe should not be too low; However, the content of Fe should not be too high because it is easy to form intermetallic compounds with Al, thus reducing the plastic workability of alloy aluminum plates.

The alloying element Mn has a certain solid solution strengthening effect, and at the same time, it can form Al-Mn dispersed particles to restrict grain coarsening, thus achieving the purpose of grain refinement. At the same time, it can also promote the spherical precipitation of Fe-A1 compounds, thus avoiding the adverse effects of Fe-Al compounds on processing and shaping; However, the content of Mn should not be too much, otherwise it will lead to the precipitation of coarse crystals and the deterioration of processability, and too much Mn will also increase the solidus temperature of melt, thus increasing the casting temperature, increasing the production cost and reducing the production efficiency.

Li, an alloying element, can obviously promote the precipitation of β phase in the process of coating, barbecue and hardening, thus transforming it into a stable Mg2Si strengthened phase in the subsequent natural aging process, so the addition of Li can significantly reduce the treatment temperature of coating, barbecue and hardening and the performance of aging hardening. In order to give full play to the above-mentioned lease, the addition amount of Li should not be too low; However, the addition of Li should not be too high, which will lead to the decline of elongation and formability of alloy aluminum plate, and will cause obvious composition segregation in the melt and affect the properties of cast products.

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